Multilevel Models in the Understanding of Suicidal Ideation

Abstract

Introduction: Suicidal ideation is a global phenomenon that requires understanding and actions for its prevention. Currently, the lack of a multilevel theoretical approach hinders the development of tools for its prevention. Adopting an ecological perspective will allow a better understanding of risk and protective factors, thus allowing the design of prevention programs adapted to each context. Moving towards this perspective will enrich the understanding of suicidal ideation and improve preventive interventions.

Objective: To understand the current status of the development of ecological models to explain suicidal ideation.

Methods: A scoping review study was conducted. The search was conducted through Embase and SAGE databases.

Conclusions: It is important to consider social, interpersonal, and individual factors in understanding suicidal ideation. Although some studies have recognized the relationship between individual and interpersonal factors, models that encompass all three levels are limited. The lack of focus on social and interpersonal factors may make it difficult to fully understand and implement effective interventions.