Socio Environmental Factors That Facilitated the Spread of Dengue in Cauto Cristo, Granma
Keywords:
socio-environmental factors, arboviruses, dengue, epidemiology.Abstract
Introduction: Arboviruses transmitted by mosquitoes, mainly by those of the Aedes genus, currently constitute a global challenge.
Objective: To identify the socio-environmental factors that facilitated the spread of dengue in Cauto Cristo municipality during 2022.
Methods: A descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study was carried out on the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the 337 patients diagnosed with dengue in Cauto Cristo municipality, Granma province, in 2022. In the analysis, the variables taken into account were sex, people's council, month of the year, infestation rate and risk factors.
Results: The people's council with the most cases of dengue was Cauto Cristo Este (42.14%), with 68.30% of the female sex affected; the highest peak of the disease occurred in the period from July to October, in which there were 78.93% of confirmed cases in the year. Two hundred eighty-six positive outbreaks were detected throughout the study period, with high infestation rate. The main risk factors were non-use of repellent (95.54%), followed by the presence of breeding sites in workplaces (71.51%).
Conclusions: All popular councils reported cases of dengue, mainly in Cauto Cristo people´s council, with several outbreaks detected and high infestation rate. Among the main risk factors were the non-use of repellent, the presence of breeding sites in workplaces and in or around the home. The largest peak of the disease occurred between July and October 2022.
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