Antibiotic Prescription Factors in Urinary Tract Infection in a Hospital in Huánuco
Keywords:
uropathogen, medical specialties, treatment, urinary infections.Abstract
Introduction: Urinary tract infection has a global impact as it is a common cause of empirical antibiotic prescription, so the choice of treatment represents a challenge for the doctor.
Objectives: To identify the factors associated with an adequate empirical antibiotic prescription in patients with urinary tract infection.
Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out in 275 positive urine culture results, which were reviewed from February to October 2019. Ninety-seven were excluded because they did not meet the selection criteria, 178 remained as an eligible population. The medical records were reviewed for these patients diagnosed in the outpatient clinics of Hermilio Valdizán Regional Hospital, Peru. For the bivariate analysis, chi-2 statistical test, Fisher's test, the prevalence ratio (PR) were used. 95% confidence intervals and p < 0.05 were considered.
Results: Information was collected from the medical record of 178 patients, the mean age was 57.41 (+1.27 years) in men (48.8%) and women (51.2%). The most isolated uropathogen was Escherichia coli (51.69%). 58.99% of patients received inappropriate antibiotic prescription. They were generally evaluated by a urologist (48.8%). The most frequent comorbidities were benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and obesity. In the bivariate analysis, a statistically significant association (p < 0.05) was found between the appropriate prescription of antibiotics with diabetes and Klebsiella; the association between the other factors was not significant (p > 0.05).
Conclusions: Empirical antibiotic prescription in urinary infections is often inadequate, due to complacency during treatment. Empirical prescription of antibiotics is appropriate in patients with diabetes and at risk of infection with the uropathogen Klebsiella, since patients with diabetes are at risk of infection with resistant strains and physicians are more cautious when prescribing antibiotics.
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