Resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to quinolone and injectable drugs in Atlántico department, 2013-2016
Keywords:
fluoroquinolones, isoniazid, rifampicin, drug-resistant tuberculosis, extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis.Abstract
Introduction: In Atlántico department, resistance studies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been limited to second-line drugs.
Objective: Determine prevalence of resistance to amikacin, kanamycin, capreomycin and ofloxacin in cases of tuberculosis resistant to isoniazid, rifampicin or both, in the period 2013 to 2016 in Atlántico department.
Methods: Cross-sectional study of 194 isolations resistant to isoniazid, rifampicin or both, by Genotype MTBDR plus version 2 methodology, that were sent to the National Institute of Health from 2013 to 2016 to be confirmed and processed for second-line drugs. The resistance ratio was made according to sociodemographic, clinical and public health surveillance variables.
Results: The common comorbilities found were malnutrition with 18.56%, followed by concomitant HIV-tuberculosis infection with 13.40%. Ofloxacin in non-treated cases achieved the highest overall resistance with 1.50% (95% CI 0.18-5.33). In those previously treated, global resistance to capreomycin was 8.10% (95% CI 2.7-17.8). In the ones resistant to rifampicin, one case was extensively resistant and two cases were resistant in multi-drugs resistant.
Conclusions: Low resistance to fluoroquinolones and injectable drugs was found in non-treated patients who were resistant to isoniazid, rifampicin or both, showing that it is not yet a major problem in Atlántico department. Its follow-up should be complemented with good physical and psychological management and a strengthened health team that acts promptly and helps the patient adherence to treatments.
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